Poppers

Aliphatic nitrites are banned in the United States but can be sold in sex shops in France.

It is amyl nitrite, butyl, propyl, which are used in inhalation.

This causes methemoglobinemia can be fatal if it is not taken care of immediately.

That oxygen binds to red blood cells in a reversible manner, the iron in hemoglobin should remain as ferrous iron (Fe 2 +).

Methemoglobin is the oxidized form of hemoglobin, the iron atoms from the ferric state (Fe3 +) by loss of an electron.

Many products can increase the rate of oxidation of hemoglobin from 100 to 1000 times.

It is chlorates, quinones, nitrates and nitrites which convert the ferrous iron (Fe2 +) to ferric iron (Fe 3 +).

The "poppers" are nitrites (amyl, butyl, propyl) that cause inhalation and after 30 seconds malaise, tachycardia (rapid heart) associated with toxic methemoglobinemia.

Deaths have been reported.

These "poppers" are used by heterosexuals seeking an increase in the duration of orgasm and delayed ejaculation.

These "poppers" are sometimes used in certain nightclubs spray, unbeknownst to viewers under the pretext of deodorization.

SYMPTOMS

The grayish complexion and cyanotic (blue) is the most important symptom as it occurs without cardiac or respiratory context and is not corrected by the administration of oxygen (oxygen can bind to red blood cells).

The blood is not red but chocolate brown.

With regular use, it can be noted:

- Headache,

- Hemolysis,

- Facial dermatosis

- An increased intraocular pressure,

- Nausea and vomiting,

- Bronchitis.

- Sometimes burns by direct contact of the skin and mucous membranes, if liquie overturned.

ulcers of the cornea have been described

Note that SARCOMA syndrome is more common in HIV-positive gay men who use "poppers".

TREATMENT

Intravenous injection of methylene blue at a dose of 100 mg can, in severe crisis, recovery of consciousness of the patient and the coloring of the skin.

This is the treatment of choice for this poisoning