The deformations of the spine

Scoliosis and kyphosis are well known deformations. If these conditions can affect the different structures of the spine, pain is sometimes overlooked
The most common ...

Kyphosis and scoliosis are deformations of the spine. These deformations will impact on the vertebrae and muscles and adjacent structures. Both strains can be associated
Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine.

Although the causes are still poorly identified, researchers now suggest the involvement of genetic factors, hormonal factors, neurological factors, growth factor, and mechanical factors. What constitutes the majority of children scoliosis (scoliosis are observed in girls). We speak of idiopathic scoliosis.

However, some diseases can cause secondary deformity of the spine:

- Tumor

- Trauma

- Congenital malformation

Scoliosis can affect all parts of the spine. This is called thoracic scoliosis, scoliosis lumbar or thoracolumbar scoliosis.

Scoliosis may show no signs. However, the patient may complain of vague pain or stiffness and muscle spasms.

The clinical appearance of the deviation of the spine is often obvious:

- A shoulder being higher than the other

- Including the presence of hump (bump) in the back, looked at the forward position

- Asymmetry of the breasts

Congenital scoliosis is often detected during adolescence (10-16 years). Treatment depends on the severity of the deflection but also evidence presented. In case of severe deformity associated with chronic pain, the correction may require the use of plaster or brace. Painful and respiratory complications are the most feared. Surgery is a last alternative.

Kyphosis

Kyphosis is a deformity of the spine that affects mainly the spine. This is an exaggeration of the natural convexity of the spine. When the curves are excessive, it is called a lordosis and kyphosis.

Kyphosis is often manifested by back pain with a feeling of stiffness. The pain is worse after prolonged or otherwise after the completion of unusual movements (eg gymnastics) immobilization.

Kyphosis may be secondary to

poor posture, especially among children and adolescents, but also in sports

abnormal growth of the dorsal vertebrae, very common among teenagers (Scheuermann's disease)

spondyloarthritis (inflammation of the spine), mainly found in young adults

aging intervertebral disc or osteoporosis. These disorders are more common in the elderly

a deformity of the spine

neurological problems

Kyphosis can progress to osteoarthritis.

Treatment of kyphosis depends on the cause. However, the combination of physiotherapy, rehabilitation, vitamin D and calcium is effective. The rest is also advised. Wearing corset is sometimes necessary.